Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Overweight, and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2016 Jul-Aug;24(4):271-93. doi: 10.1097/HRP.0000000000000106.

Abstract

Previous reports have suggested a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Few studies, however, systematically analyze the relationship between PTSD and body mass index (BMI). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at estimating the association between PTSD and BMI. Fifty-four articles were reviewed, 30 of which (with 191,948 individuals with PTSD and 418,690 trauma-exposed individuals or healthy controls) were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The pooled standard mean difference, based on a random-effects model, was 0.41 (95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.54; z = 6.26; p < .001). Statistical heterogeneity between the included studies was high (p < .001; I = 99%). Despite limitations, the findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest an association between PTSD and BMI. Furthermore, longitudinal studies tentatively indicate that PTSD may lead to an increase in BMI and, as such, to the development of overweight/obesity, particularly in women. Further prospective studies and research elaborating the nature and etiology of the association are required.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Comorbidity*
  • Humans
  • Overweight / epidemiology*
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / epidemiology*