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Privacy Please: Why Retailers Need
to Rethink Personalization
2
Retailers are Struggling to Understand
Where Personalization Ends and Privacy
Encroachment Begins
The personalization
that consumers have
a taste for can rapidly
deteriorate into
something that they
find unpalatable.
Today, retailers face a significant
conundrum. With the rapid proliferation of
mobile, social media and in-store sensors,
they are now sitting on a treasure trove of
data. Walmart, for example, has about 30
petabytes of shopping information1
– the
equivalent of nearly seven million DVDs.
Retailers have all the data they need to
create personalized promotions and
offers. And consumers are very much
in favor of personalization – survey after
survey shows consumers increasingly
expect personalized offers presented at
the right moment2
.
But this customer data opportunity
has a flip side: the personalization that
consumers have a taste for can rapidly
deteriorate into something that they find
unpalatable. This could be because the
personalization exercise is perceived to
stray into the consumer’s private domain,
or because the exercise is clumsily
executed. For example, an American father
discovered that his teenage daughter
was pregnant through a targeted mailer
sent by a retailer3
. In another instance, a
personalized email from a retailer referred
to a female customer by a maiden name
that she had not used for 20 years. The
customer found it disturbing that the retailer
had managed to unearth this aspect of her
past and could not understand how they
might have uncovered it4
. For retailers,
understanding where this invisible border
between personalization and privacy lies,
and balancing this tension in their customer
experience, is a massive challenge.
This report examines this tension and
what can be done about it. We wanted to
understand if these anecdotal examples
of customer disquiet are isolated
incidents or symptomatic of larger privacy
challenges with retailers’ personalization
initiatives. We launched a comprehensive
research exercise that analyzed over
220,000 conversations on social media
to gauge customer sentiment on the
themes of personalization and privacy
for retailers (see research methodology
for details). This large volume of
conversations over a period of just six
We analyzed over
220,000 conversations
on social media to gauge
consumer sentiment on
personalization and
privacy for retailers.
Customers perceive
that a significant
majority of retailers
(86%) struggle in their
attempts to strike
a balance between
personalization and
privacy.
months highlights the importance of this
topic to consumers. We collected data
relating to 65 of the largest global retailers,
collectively generating revenues of over a
trillion dollars. The results are worrying:
customers perceive that a significant
majority of retailers (86%) struggle
in their attempts to strike a balance
between personalization and privacy
(see Figure 1).
3
Figure 1: How do Consumers Perceive Leading Retailers on Personalization and Privacy?
Each bubble corresponds to a particular retailer
Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media Scan, August 2015
+100
(Great)
+100
(Great)
Privacy
Personalization
-100
(Poor)
The AspirantsThe Laggards
The Favorites
Each bubble corresponds to conversations for a particular retailer
Size of the bubble indicates total number of consumer conversations about the retailer’s personalization and privacy initiatives
Axes scale from -100 to 100, with 100 indicating the most excellent score on positive customer sentiment and -100 indicating
----the lowest score on negative customer sentiment
The Favorites The Aspirants The Laggards
Perform well on personalizing
products and services as per
customer needs
Fall short of gaining customer
trust on privacy owing to:
perceived lack of care in
handling data, intrusive loyalty
programs, and lack of clarity
on data policies
Enjoy customers’ affection on
both – personalization and
privacy aspects
Offer meaningful deals,
customized products, respon-
sive and caring customer
service
Privacy options offer customers
control on personal data and
assure them of data security
Score poorly on both –
personalization as well as
privacy
Are regularly criticized by
customers for – irrelevant
offers, spamming, perceived
abuse of personal data and
breaking customer trust on
safety and security of
sensitive data
4
Only 14% of Retailers
Enjoy Positive Consumer
Sentiment on their
Personalization and Privacy
Initiatives
Retailers globally are increasing their
investments in personalization initiatives. A
recent survey found that as many as 50%
of retailers were planning to increase their
investments in personalization in 20155
.
The response from consumers, however,
is not encouraging. Only 14% of retailers
– the Favorites – enjoy positive consumer
sentiment on both personalization and
privacy initiatives. Customers prize the
Favorites’ personalized and responsive
customer service, relevant deals on
products customers need, custom-
made products and services, and efforts
to safeguard customer data privacy.
Nearly 29% of retailers – the Laggards
– left consumers dissatisfied with
both their personalization and privacy
initiatives. Negative customer sentiment
is largely due to intrusive loyalty
programs, excessive promotional mails,
poor in-store service, or confusing opt-
in/opt-out instructions on marketing
communications.
For 57% of retailers – the Aspirants
– consumer sentiment is positive on
personalization, but negative on privacy.
It indicates that while they have launched
personalization initiatives that offer value
to consumers, retailers have either
failed to address the privacy concerns
that arise from it, or have completely
ignored it.
We anticipated that there would be
significant differences between the
sentimentexpressedaboutonlineretailers
and traditional retailers. Surprisingly,
however, consumer sentiment does not
appear to differentiate. We also expected
differences between large retailers
and smaller companies. However, no
significant differences emerged.
Customer Privacy Lapses
Can Undo Hard Work on
Personalization
Our research indicates that 80% of all
consumer sentiment on personalization
was positive (see Figure 2). However, a
massive 93% of all consumer sentiment
was negative when it came to retailers’
privacy initiatives, and this sentiment is
broadly reflective across geographies.
A large number of retailers appear to
have a fairly good grip on personalization
initiatives, but slip up when it came
to managing consumer privacy. For
instance, while 71% of retailers enjoy
positive responses to personalization
initiatives, 57% are unable to translate
that into a positive sentiment on
privacy. For retailers, the message is
clear – strong personalization initiatives
drive positive sentiment, but failing to
safeguard the privacy of customer data
can undermine efforts.
Nearly 29% of retailers
leave consumers
dissatisfied with both
their personalization
and privacy initiatives.
80% of all consumer
sentiment on
personalization is
positive. However,
93% of all consumer
sentiment is negative
when it comes to
retailers’ privacy
initiatives.
The importance of privacy is shown in
the fact that customer data breaches
affect consumer propensity to buy. For
instance, a recent survey found that 15%
of respondents had stopped purchasing
at retailers that had experienced privacy
breaches6
. Another study reported
that 36% of respondents will shop less
frequently at a retailer that suffered
a security breach and 26% would
consciously spend less than before7
.
5
Figure 2: Global Consumer Sentiment on Personalization and Privacy
Percentages indicate share of positive customer sentiment
Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media Sentiment Analysis, August 2015
Strongly Positive
Positive
Neutral
Negative
Strongly Negative
Global-80%
Personalization
North America
78%
France
42%
Spain
44%
Germany
50%
UK
81%
Italy
100%
Nordics
100%
Australia
82%
Privacy
Global-7%
North America
7%
France
0%
Spain
8%
Germany
0%
UK
9%
Italy
0%
Nordics
0%
Australia
2%
6
When Personalization Goes Wrong - How to‘Get’Customers and Not‘Stalk’Them
As data analytics becomes more powerful and sophisticated, organizations are able to build granular profiles of customers
based on their online and offline activities. However, the algorithms that are used do not differentiate one data input from
the other. Without human intervention, algorithms can make personalized offers seem highly inappropriate. For example,
social networking site Pinterest recently sent an email to female users that began with the words: “You’re getting married!”.
Unfortunately, many of the women were not in fact getting married at all – they had simply pinned wedding-themed pictures
on their account. Similarly, an airline equipped its flight attendants with an app containing information on passengers. This
included their flight reservations, loyalty status and their date of birth - information that had been provided for personal
identification. When the flight attendants used that information to wish customers a happy birthday, many of them found this
unwelcome and inappropriate.
Source: Slate, “Pinterest Congratulates All the Single Ladies on Their Weddings”, September 2014; Gawker, “What Do You Know About United’s Allegedly Creepy
New App for Flight Attendants?”, August 2015
7
A recent survey found
that 70% of consumers
could correctly identify
retailers who had been
breached.
Why do Retailers Fare so Badly?
We believe there are a number of
reasons why many retailers are failing
to make personalization a positive part
of their overall customer experience (see
Figure 3).
Climate of Mistrust. The spate of hacks
on retailer data, as well as breaches
in other sectors, is having a dramatic
effect on consumer trust. It is estimated
that half of American adults had their
personal information exposed to hackers
in the last year alone8
. And consumers
are very much aware of where the
exposures are happening. A recent
survey found that 70% of consumers
could correctly identify retailers who had
been breached9
.
Figure 3: Why do Retailers Fare So Badly?
Source: Capgemini Consulting analysis
Lack of a
Single View of
the Customer
Greater
Customer
Pushback Over
Use of Personal
Data
Consumer
Desire for
Control Over
Data
A Climate of
Mistrust
Why do Retailers
Fare So Badly?
Consumers are Comfortable with
Sharing Data but Demand Greater
Control over It. Our Digital Shopper
Relevancy Report from 2014 showed
that consumers are willing to share data.
However, many are not seeing retailers
respond with clarity on how their data
is being used. For instance, 28% of
respondents feel that they are not being
provided with choice and control of how
their personal data is collected, used and
shared by retailers (see Figure 4). Almost
50% of shoppers are not clear about the
privacy policies of the retailers that they
interact with.
This reflects research that shows
an overwhelming majority of adults
considers that being in control of who
can get information about them is
important10
. This means that retailers
need to give them reassurance and
clarity about how data is collected
and used. But that clarity is lacking.
For instance, in a recent survey, it was
found that a large majority of consumers
incorrectly believe that when a website
has a privacy policy, it means the site
will not share their information with
other websites and companies without
permission11
. This leads customers to be
cautious about what data they share with
retailers and why (see insert on “What
Data are Consumers Willing to Share?”).
8
28% of consumers feel
that they are not being
provided with choice
and control of how
their personal data
is collected, used and
shared by retailers.
Greater Personalization Requires
Greater Volumes of Data, Triggering
Greater Consumer Pushback.
Personalization requires more data,
not less, but this poses an issue for
consumers who are pushing back
against retailer requests for more data.
For instance, we found that while
consumers were comfortable sharing
email addresses, the same consumers
withdrew when retailers wanted their
home address or phone number or
zip code in order to deliver targeted
promotions. This hampers the retailers’
ability to deliver truly personalized
products/services.
Lack of a Single View of the
Consumer Impacts the Customer
Experience. Retailers have rapidly
expanded their presence across multiple
channels. However, many struggle to
create a single view of the consumer,
with data trapped in channel silos
such as web, mobile, social, or call
centers. Research shows that only 6%
of marketers in retail and consumer
products have captured a single view
of the customer12
. This compromises
the customer experience and the ability
to mine data for tailored and accurate
personalization.
Figure 4: Consumer Perception of Data Usage and Privacy Policies of Retailers, Capgemini Survey, 2014
Source: Capgemini, “Digital Shopper Relevancy Report”, September 2014
28%
48%
34%
23%
38%
29%
Currently I am provided with clear
notice, choice and control of how
my personal data is collected,
used and shared by retailers
I am clear about the privacy policies
of the retailers I interact with
Disagree Neutral or
Don’t Know
Agree
9
What do Consumers Really Expect from Retailers?
Based on our research, we have identified what works and what does not as retailers attempt to balance personalization and privacy
(see Figure 5).
Figure 5: Key Drivers of Positive and Negative Sentiment
Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media Sentiment Analysis, August 2015
What Works, What Doesn’t
Personalized Offers
Meaningful, Applicable in the Context
e.g. Kroger’s discount coupons based
on purchase history
Personalized Products
Useful, Valuable e.g. Walmart’s custom
t-shirts, phone cases
Personalized Services
Thoughtful, Occasion-Based e.g.
Ahold’s personalized grocery service
based on weekly meal plans
Loyalty Programs
Useful, Relevant, Simple
Personalized Communication
Customized, Tailor-Made, Engaging
Data Security Issues
Data Thefts, Hackings, Retailers Not
Doing Enough for Security
Intrusive Behaviour
Cold Calling, Robo-Calling, Unsolicited
Messaging
Data Changing Hands
Data Sharing with Third Parties
Tracking and Monitoring
Face Recognition, CCTV Surveillance,
RFID Tracking
Loyalty Programs
Too Much Data Collection
27%
19%
76%
51%
5%
2%
2%
6%
11%
17%
Percentages indicate the “share” of each theme in the positive and negative consumer sentiment
10
Personalized Offers, Provided in
a Contextual Setting, Work. There
is merit in sticking to the basics. For
example, in our research, consumers
were impressed by the way Kroger
personalizes discount coupons based
on what consumers purchase most.
Walmart also enjoyed widely-shared
positive consumer sentiment about their
broad range of personalized household
products, such as blankets and quilts
or shirts and iPhone cases. However,
consumers are put off when retailers
approach them with offers that are
irrelevant. Customers of a European
retailer expressed their dissatisfaction at
the irrelevant offers received, particularly
In our research,
consumers were
impressed by the way
Kroger personalizes
discount coupons based
on what consumers
purchase most.
because they were regular shoppers
at the retailer and expected it to know
better about them. For an American
retailer, we came across cases of female
customers feeling annoyed at receiving
baby planning offers when they were
not pregnant. The Head of Loyalty
Operations at a leading retailer told us:
“Irrelevant offers, that do not take into
account the customer’s demographic
profile and shopping behavior, can
cause great damage. A consumer may
just opt-out of your communication, and
that is a marketing opportunity lost.”
CustomizedCommunicationsImpress,
Personalized Experiences Delight.
Our social media research shows that
customers are impressed by tailored,
responsive and visually appealing
emails that are closely aligned to their
interests. A senior marketing executive
told us that they “saw a dramatic 80%
increase in coupon open-rates when
we send personalized mails.” Some
companies are going a step further, and
customizing their entire interaction with
the consumer. American retailer Kohl’s is
using “beacons” to deliver an enhanced
and personalized in-store experience.
The beacons identify the shopper’s
mobile device when he or she is in
store, and share personalized offers and
suggestions based on their shopping
history. They also aid navigation in-
store, by directing shoppers to the
right location for specific products. Our
research shows that beacons are a big
hit with consumers, with a 100 percent
positive sentiment (see Figure 6).
Figure 6: Consumer Sentiment around Key Retail Technologies
Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media scan, August 2015
100%
53%
19%
38%
16%
0%
47%
81%
62%
84%
Beacons RFID Face
Recognition
CCTV In-store
traffic monitoring
Positive sentiment Negative sentiment
Irrelevant offers, that do
not take into account the
customer’s demographic
profile and shopping
behavior, can cause great
damage.
– Head of Loyalty Operations at a
leading retailer.
11
IntrusiveBehaviorisnotAppreciated,
Tracking and Monitoring is a Strict
No-No. Unsolicited communication
does not go down well with consumers.
Our research revealed concerns about a
leading online retailer whose customers
began receiving more telephone calls.
When disgruntled customers checked
the privacy policy of the retailer, they
discovered that it had been recently
updated to allow much more of these
Our research shows there
is a significant negative
sentiment associated
with RFID tracking,
facial recognition and
CCTV surveillance.
types of call. Consumers are also wary
of tracking and monitoring. Our research
shows there is a significant negative
sentiment associated with RFID tracking,
facial recognition and CCTV surveillance.
For example, a leading retailer planned
to install RFID-scanning robots that
would walk the shelves along with
consumers. The core idea was to scan
clothing tags for inventory, which would
lead to better inventory management,
but the company also planned to equip
these robots to handle simple consumer
queries13
. This initiative created some
curiosity among consumers, but it also
generated apprehension and concern.
Data Security is of Paramount
Importance, Hacking and Theft
Alarm Customers. Our research clearly
reveals that data security is the most
important piece in the privacy puzzle and
the leading driver of negative consumer
sentiment, by far (see The Rising Threat
Data security is the
most important piece
in the privacy puzzle
and the leading driver
of negative consumer
sentiment, by far.
The Rising Threat from Hackers
As consumers continue to embrace ecommerce, and a greater proportion of retail is conducted online, the potential for
privacy breaches increases significantly. For example, it is estimated that half of American adults had their personal information
exposed to hackers in the last year alone.
Top Retail Security Breaches Over the Past Decade
The numbers indicate estimated number of records or credit cards believed to have been hacked
Source: NY Times, Information Week, Forbes, TIME, and corporate press releases of Zappos.com, Target, Neiman Marcus, Michaels, eBay and Staples
from Hackers). These incidents cause
significant customer disquiet and
consumers expect concrete initiatives
from retailers to safeguard their data.
For example, consumers in our research
indicated that retailers should strengthen
their authentication mechanisms to
prevent hacks.
Credit/Debit Card accounts compromised
Customer accounts (personal information) compromised
94 million
The TJX Companies (incl. TJ/
TK Maxx and Marshalls)
Zappos.com
24+ million
70 million
eBay
145 million
Neiman Marcus
Group
Staples
1.16 million
Home Depot
56 million
2.6 million at Michaels and
400,000 at Aaron Brothers
AB Acquisitions
LLC
700 Albertson’s
stores and 228
SuperValu stores
Multi-company Breach (7Eleven, JC
Penney, JetBlue Airways, NASDAQ,
Wet seal, Dow Jones)
160 million
2005-12
2003-05 2006-11 2012 2013 2014
350,000
Target
12
Our research reveals
that for some retailers,
consumers feel that
loyalty programs exist
mainly as a means of
data collection.
Loyalty Programs are Fine, but Not
ThoseMeantJustforDataCollection.
Many consumers are uncomfortable with
excessive disclosure of personal data for
loyalty programs. Our research reveals
that for some retailers, consumers feel
that loyalty programs exist mainly as a
means of data collection. For example,
some consumers took the loyalty
program of a European retailer to task
for violating their data privacy. The
loyalty program in question was a multi-
What Data are Consumers Willing to Share?
The term “consumer data” encompasses a vast range of data elements, each with a varying degree of sensitivity. For
example, a substantial 74% of consumers do not mind sharing details around their hobbies and interests, but they would
not share financial information.
Despite the increasingly common use of social media, many consumers are uncomfortable about it being used by retailers,
with only 29% happy with such an approach. Most consumers (55% in our survey) are uncomfortable with the use of their
in-store data as well, despite the fact that it is usually anonymized by retailers before use. Consumers might well perceive
that this “anonymous data” may not remain anonymous, in an eco-system of players that are combining and manipulating
their data in a dozen different ways.
What data will consumers share?
29%
45%
55%
71%
Agree
Neutral/Disagree
I do not mind when a retailer uses my social
media data to gain a better understanding about
who I am and what I am doing
I do not mind if my behaviour in a store is
observed, as long as it remains anonymous
Sources: Capgemini Digital Shopper Relevancy Report, September 2014; Capgemini Consulting Social Media Scan, August 2015
participant scheme, and consumers
were uncomfortable with the fact that
their personal data would be shared
with numerous parties. Consumers are
particularly cautious about personally
identifiable information (such as Social
Security Numbers), financial data and
health related information.
13
We believe that the 14% of leaders
who solve the personalization-privacy
conundrum demonstrate best practice
in three areas: personalization initiatives
that give customers control and a clear
value; using technology to drive customer
satisfaction rather than just as an enabler;
and a clear governance framework and
practices on personalization and privacy
(see Figure 7).
Personalization Initiatives
with Tangible Value Where
Customer is in Control
Leaders Give Consumers Control
Over their Data. Eighty-four percent
of consumers want to have control over
what marketers can learn about them
online14
and leaders are transparent
about the data they hold and what
consumers can do with it. For example,
Google offers a single centralized portal
for users to manage and control their
account settings, including, for instance,
tailoring ads to personal preferences,
ability to opt-in or opt-out of specific
services and activity across various
devices where the account was used.
Google also offers a separate site to
download user data (see Figure 8).
How do Leaders Balance the Personalization–
Privacy Paradox?
84% of consumers want
to have control over
what marketers can
learn about them online.
Figure 7: How Leaders Stand Out
Source: Capgemini Consulting analysis
Leaders demonstrate
the value exchange that
takes place when a
consumer shares their
personal data with the
retailer.
Personalization Initiatives
with Tangible Value where
Customer is in Control
Technology is Used as a Means
for Customer Satisfation,
Not Just as Enabler
A Foundation of Solid
Management Practices
Communicate Proactively
and Be Transparent with
Consumers on Privacy Policies
Build Governance Mechanisms
that Prioritize Customer Data
Don’t Trust Algorithms Blindly
Rate Limit Personalized
Communication
Use Technology Unobtrusively
Give Consumers Control
Over their Data
Demonstrate an Active Value
Exchange to Consumers
14
Leaders Demonstrate an Active Value
Exchange to Consumers. Leaders
demonstrate the value exchange that
takes place when a consumer shares
their personal data with the retailer.
For example, users of wearable fitness
trackers allow their personal moments
to be tracked in exchange for a view
of their fitness regime. And insurers
Figure 8: Snapshot of a Google Takeout Page
Source: Company website
are convincing consumers to install
telematics devices in their vehicles
with the prospect of lower insurance
premium.
Technology is Used as
a Means for Customer
Satisfation, Not Just as
Enabler
Leaders Don’t Put Blind Trust in
Algorithms. For example, research has
shown that 55% of consumers are put
off purchasing an item that they have
previously expressed an interest in online,
if they are retargeted with ads multiple
times after initially researching it15
.
The leaders in our study
ensure that they rate
limit themselves to how
many times they push
the same alert to the
consumer.
Leaders Rate Limit Personalized
Communication. The number of
channels that a retailer can use to reach
customers is on the rise. This, combined
with the tendency to constantly push
alerts to the consumers, can lead to
saturation and repetition. The leaders
in our study ensure that they rate limit
themselves to how many times they
push the same alert to the consumer.
One North American retailer has clear
guidelinesonwhentheysendcustomized
alerts to their consumers. They ensure
that customers do not receive the same
messages over the course of a 72-hour
period. The company is also careful to
limit the number of communications a
customer can receive in a given period
of time.
Leaders Use Technology Unobtrusively.
Oneofthefindingsfromoursocialmediascan
was that customers appreciated a seamless
bridging of online and offline channels. For
example, Nordstrom uses beacons and
mobile geolocation technologies to target
consumers based on their preferences
and behavior. With beacons, for instance,
if customers have previously placed certain
items in their online cart, they might receive a
message about where the items are located
when they are in-store. These beacons work
in the background without intruding and only
make their presence felt only when enhancing
the customer experience.
Nordstrom uses beacons
and mobile geolocation
technologies to target
consumers based on their
preferences and behavior.
15
Source: Fortune, “Apple’s ad-blocking move causes big problems for retailers like Walmart”, September 2015; eMarketer, “Mobile Accounts for Almost Half of
China’s Retail Ecommerce Sales”, July 2015; PageFair, The 2015 Ad Blocking Report”, August 2015; Naked Security, “After iOS 9 launches, Ad blockers top the App
Store chart”, September 2015
Ad-Blockers and Impact on Retailer Personalization Initiatives
‘Digital retail’ is increasingly ‘mobile retail’. In many markets globally, ecommerce is increasingly undertaken through mobile.
In China, for instance, nearly 50% of all ecommerce transactions are conducted through the mobile channel. In the US, it is
estimated at nearly 28% in 2015. Given the popularity of mobile, the rising popularity of ad-blocking software is a significant
challenge for retailers. Within hours of the launch of Apple’s latest version of its iOS operating system (which allows content-
blocking), ad-blocking apps shot to the top of the App Store paid app listings.
If ad-blocking sees widespread adoption it has profound implications for retailers’ efforts. An Investigation by Fortune
Magazine shows how ad-blockers can damage the customer experience on most major retailer websites. For instance, at
retail major Sears, with ad-blockers enabled, the mobile web browsing experience grinds to a complete halt. While these
are still early days, retailers need to understand the implications of ad-blocking software on their personalization initiatives.
Impact of Ad-Blockers
16
Source:1
Capgemini Consulting Digital Leadership Series, “An Interview with Darrin Shamo”, 2014; 2
MobileCommerceDaily, “Zappos focuses on personalization,
seamless transactions via app update”, July 2013; 3
Lopez Research, “Zappos Brings the Wow with Personalized Ads”, August 2014
Leaders Have a Foundation
of Solid Management
Practices
Leaders Communicate Proactively
and are Transparent with Consumers
on Privacy Policies. A senior marketing
executive at a large European retailer
outlined how important it is to have a clear
and consistent communication strategy,
saying: “When we change something on
how we deal with consumer data, we
communicate it weeks in advance, and
very prominently, through various media
channels. And then it is over to the
customer to take a decision, on whether
to continue with the service or cancel
it.” Leaders understand the importance of
a thorough and well-defined privacy policy.
Walmart, for example, takes the point of view
of the customer on key aspects of data: what
information is collected, how the information
is used, how the information is shared, how
the information is protected, and how the
consumer can erase it from the company if
they so desire. Periodic reviews and updates
of the policy are performed, and the revision
history is published along with the policy.
Leaders Build Governance Mechanisms
that Prioritize Customer Data. Successful
companies pay attention to the people,
process and technology aspects of handling
data. As the Marketing Head at a large
European retailer explains: “We store all
of our consumer data in systems that
are in-house. Further, we are extremely
particular about the people who work
with customer accounts or in customer
care. They need to go through specific,
consumer-oriented privacy training and
are required to sign (legal non-disclosure)
contracts about how they handle data.”
We are extremely
particular about the
people who work with
customer accounts or in
customer care.
– Marketing Head at a large
European retailer.
When we change
something on how we
deal with consumer
data, we communicate
it weeks in advance,
and very prominently,
through various media
channels.
– Senior Marketing Executive at
a large European retailer.
Zappos – Putting Personalization at the Heart of the Customer Journey
American online retail firm Zappos has put its rich store of customer data to good use. To begin with, its website scans
the user’s search history and factors in certain predictors of intent and relevance. This allows Zappos to offer customized
suggestions based on its product catalogue. It also provides personalized retargeting by sharing relevant products throughout
the open Web, and not just its website1
. At the same time, the company ensures that it does not get overly personal with its
consumers. A Zappos executive told us: “There’s a lot of information available on consumers, though we’re very selective
with what we use and how we use it. We take great care to ensure that the ultimate experience is relevant rather than creepy.
We want our customers to feel that we understand them and their needs rather than feeling stalked1
.”
The retailer has revamped its mobile app to incorporate features related to personalization. Recommended products are
grouped into four different categories. The first set of recommendations displays products that have also been bought by
customers who bought the product you yourself have just selected. The second and third groups of products are based
on items that consumers might also like. The fourth section shows products that have been viewed in conjunction with the
product you have selected.
Zappos has also focused on creating and analyzing a single, unified view of the customer, which allows it to anticipate
customers’ future requirements. For example, it has partnered with ChoiceStream, a Big Data firm that specializes in weather
information analytics. They can now reach out to a customer with a personalized message telling them that it is due to snow
the next day and offering them the opportunity to buy a brand of boots through express delivery3
.
17
What do Personalization and Privacy Initiatives Mean for Different Retailers and
their Customers?
Personalization
Privacy
Online-only Retailers
Large, brick-and-mortar,
mass-market and
off-price retailers,
hypermarkets
Specialty retailers in –
apparels, food and
pharmaceuticals etc.,
upscale stores
Product recommendations and
savings based on purchase
history
Meaningful offers applicable in
the context
Responsive, engaging and
personalized emails at a limited
frequency
Personalized navigation on the
website
Customized and in-store savings
coupons for products the
customer is most likely to buy
Occasion-based deals
Custom-made products such as
marking products with customer
names
Offering services such as – high
quality, tailor-made products
suited to the needs of the
individual customer
Responsive and caring
customer-service
Non-intrusive, useful and simple
loyalty programs
Non-violation of data regulations,
protection from data thefts and
data sharing with third-parties
Clear opt-in/opt-out policies
Clearly explained, non-intrusive
updates to privacy policies
More control over data – ability
to view data shared with the
retailer and change preferences
Effective information security at
point-of-sale
Protection from intrusive
behavior such as – excessive use
of CCTVs, Robo-calling and
excessive communication
Non-violation of data regulations,
protection from data thefts and
data sharing with third-parties
More control over data
Caution while
discussing/disclosing sensitive
information on public forums
User-friendly and easy to
understand privacy policies that
use videos etc
Non-violation of data regulations,
protection from data thefts and
data sharing with third-parties
Source: Capgemini Consulting analysis
18
Consumer Engagement Principles
The Consumer Goods Forumi
together with Capgemini, has outlined a new set of ‘Consumer Engagement Principles’ (the
“Principles”). The industry-wide Principles will act as a framework for how companies engage with their consumers, and
are designed to promote an environment of trust and pro-active consumer communication. With consumers now leaving
ever-larger digital footprints with a growing trail of personal data, the Principles will help ensure constant and consistent
communications with consumers across digital platforms globally.
Consumer Engagement Principles
Source: The Consumer Goods Forum and Capgemini, “Consumer Goods Industry Commits to New Guidelines on Consumer Engagement and Data Privacy with
the help of Capgemini”, February 2015
Ongoing
Dialogue
Simple
Communications
Value
Exchange
Transparency
Integrity in
Social
Media
Protection of
Personal
Information
Control &
Access
i
The Consumer Goods Forum (CGF) is a global, parity-based industry network, driven by its members. It brings together the CEOs and senior management
of over 400 retailers, manufacturers, service providers and other stakeholders across 70 countries and reflects the diversity of the industry in geography, size,
product category and format.
19
Trust will only be given
to those retailers who
provide a superior
personalized experience
across channels, but
who at the same time
demonstrate their respect
for customer data.
Identifying the Invisible
Line
Retailers face a paradoxical situation
in personalization. Consumers like and
want personalized offers and promotions.
However, their thinking and feelings about
the tactics used by retailers is mixed. Many
of them do not want retailers to overstep the
privacy mark. Others are wary about some
of the smart technologies that are being
used to gather the data needed to make
personalization possible.
How retailers approach this issue will vary
based on what you sell, who you sell it to, and
how you sell (see What do Personalization
and Privacy Initiatives Mean for Different
Retailers and their Customers?). For example,
traditional retailers need to make the transition
to a world awash with data. Likewise, digital
natives need to ask if their familiarity with big
data is a sustainable advantage.
While different retailers will need to ask
themselves different questions, all retailers
must confront a significant shift that affects
the whole sector. Consumers have always
rewarded retailers with hard currency.
However, we are entering an era where
consumers will also be ‘paying’ with their
attention and their data. It is imperative that
retailers respect that by building a trust-
based relationship with their consumers.
Trust will only be given to those retailers who
provide a superior personalized experience
across channels, but who at the same time
demonstrate their respect for customer
data and are able to manage the significant
privacy concerns that are emerging in today’s
connected world.
Research Methodology
As well as focus interviews with leading executives and secondary research,
we conducted a significant social media sentiment analysis. This involved a
variety of tools to gauge consumer sentiment on personalization and privacy
across Europe and North America. The scan covered 65 large retailers and
analyzed over 220,000 conversations. We also analyzed this sentiment by
geography and country to understand and explain the differences.
20
1 Walmart.com, “Picking up the Pace of Change for the Customer”, June 2014
2 60% of consumers want real-time promotions and offers - Direct Marketing, “Personalization Redux”, May 2015
3 New York Times Magazine, “How Companies Learn Your Secrets”, February 2012
4 onlyinfluencers.com, “The Creepy Side of Email and Big Data”, 2014
5 Source: Forrester, “The State Of Retailing Online 2015: Marketing And Merchandising”, August 2015
6 CNBC, “Think shoppers forget retail data breaches? Nope”, June 2015
7 Forbes, “How Companies Can Rebuild Trust After A Security Breach”, July 2014
8 New York Times, “How Many Times Has Your Personal Information Been Exposed to Hackers?”, July 2015
9 CNBC, “Think shoppers forget retail data breaches? Nope”, June 2015
10 Pew Research Center, “Americans’ Attitudes About Privacy, Security and Surveillance”, May 2015 – 93% respondents said that
being in control of who can get information about them is important
11 University of Pennsylvania, “The Tradeoff Fallacy”, June 2015 – 65% do not know that the statement “When a website has a
privacy policy, it means the site will not share my information with other websites and companies without my permission” is false.
12 Retail Wire, “Marketers are a long way from having a single view of customers”, May 2015 – 6% marketers said they have attained
a single view of customers to support their cross-channel marketing goals
13 ComputerWorld, “Will Tesco shoppers freak out at six-foot tall RFID robots?”, June 2015
14 University of Pennsylvania, “The Tradeoff Fallacy”, June 2015
15 ExchangeWire, “It’s Official: Consumers Are Just Not That Into Retargeted Ads”, October 2014
References
21
The authors would like to thank Pavan Magge and Amol Khadikar from the DTI, Pramita Bhaumik and Pravin Iyer from Capgemini Consulting India
social media analytics team, Mario Coletti, Gagandeep Gadri and Silvia Rindone from Capgemini Consulting UK, Dan Albright and Bill Lewis from
Capgemini Consulting North America, Clare Argent from Capgemini Insights & Data, Olivier Trouvé, Eric Sindou, Eric Masson from Capgemini
Consulting France, Max Brueggemann from Capgemini Consulting Germany, Elin Byren from Capgemini Consulting Sweden, Eloy De Sola Vidal
from Capgemini Consulting Spain for their contributions.
Rightshore®
is a trademark belonging to Capgemini
CapgeminiConsultingistheglobalstrategyandtransformation
consulting organization of the Capgemini Group, specializing
in advising and supporting enterprises in significant
transformation,frominnovativestrategytoexecutionandwith
an unstinting focus on results. With the new digital economy
creating significant disruptions and opportunities, our global
team of over 3,600 talented individuals work with leading
companiesandgovernmentstomasterDigitalTransformation,
drawing on our understanding of the digital economy and
our leadership in business transformation and organizational
change.
Find out more at: www.capgemini-consulting.com
With almost 145,000 people in over 40 countries, Capgemini is
one of the world’s foremost providers of consulting, technology
and outsourcing services. The Group reported 2014 global
revenues of EUR 10.573 billion. Together with its clients,
Capgemini creates and delivers business and technology
solutions that fit their needs and drive the results they want. A
deeply multicultural organization, Capgemini has developed its
own way of working, the Collaborative Business ExperienceTM,
and draws on Rightshore®
, its worldwide delivery model.
Learn more about us at www.capgemini.com.
About Capgemini and the
Collaborative Business Experience
Capgemini Consulting is the strategy and transformation consulting brand of Capgemini Group. The information contained in this document is proprietary.
© 2015 Capgemini. All rights reserved.
France
Olivier Trouvé
olivier.trouve@capgemini.com
DACH
Ralph Becker
ralph.becker@capgemini.com
Ruurd Dam
ruurd.dam@capgemini.com
Mike Petevinos
mike.petevinos@capgemini.com
Maggie Buggie
maggie.buggie@capgemini.com
Kees Jacobs
kees.jacobs@capgemini.com
For more information contact
Asia
J. Bourdiniere
j.bourdiniere@capgemini.com
North America
Dan Albright
dan.albright@capgemini.com
SweFi
Håkan Erander
hakan.erander@capgemini.com
The Netherlands
Arnoud Maas
arnoud.maas@capgemini.com
UK
Alex Smith-Bingham
alex.smith-bingham@capgemini.com
Authors
Jerome Buvat
Head of Digital Transformation Institute
jerome.buvat@capgemini.com
DIGITALTRANSFORMATION
INSTITUTE
Digital Transformation
Institute
dti.in@capgemini.com
Subrahmanyam KVJ
Manager,
Digital Transformation Institute
subrahmanyam.kvj@capgemini.com
Alex Smith-Bingham
Vice President, Capgemini Consulting
UK
alex.smith-bingham@capgemini.com
Kees Jacobs
Vice President, Capgemini
kees.jacobs@capgemini.com
Rishi Raj Singh
Senior Consultant,
Digital Transformation Institute
rishi.b.singh@capgemini.com
Global
Cliff Evans
cliff.evans@capgemini.com
Marc Raffo
marc.raffo@capgemini.com

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Privacy Please: Why Retailers Need to Rethink Personalization

  • 1. Privacy Please: Why Retailers Need to Rethink Personalization
  • 2. 2 Retailers are Struggling to Understand Where Personalization Ends and Privacy Encroachment Begins The personalization that consumers have a taste for can rapidly deteriorate into something that they find unpalatable. Today, retailers face a significant conundrum. With the rapid proliferation of mobile, social media and in-store sensors, they are now sitting on a treasure trove of data. Walmart, for example, has about 30 petabytes of shopping information1 – the equivalent of nearly seven million DVDs. Retailers have all the data they need to create personalized promotions and offers. And consumers are very much in favor of personalization – survey after survey shows consumers increasingly expect personalized offers presented at the right moment2 . But this customer data opportunity has a flip side: the personalization that consumers have a taste for can rapidly deteriorate into something that they find unpalatable. This could be because the personalization exercise is perceived to stray into the consumer’s private domain, or because the exercise is clumsily executed. For example, an American father discovered that his teenage daughter was pregnant through a targeted mailer sent by a retailer3 . In another instance, a personalized email from a retailer referred to a female customer by a maiden name that she had not used for 20 years. The customer found it disturbing that the retailer had managed to unearth this aspect of her past and could not understand how they might have uncovered it4 . For retailers, understanding where this invisible border between personalization and privacy lies, and balancing this tension in their customer experience, is a massive challenge. This report examines this tension and what can be done about it. We wanted to understand if these anecdotal examples of customer disquiet are isolated incidents or symptomatic of larger privacy challenges with retailers’ personalization initiatives. We launched a comprehensive research exercise that analyzed over 220,000 conversations on social media to gauge customer sentiment on the themes of personalization and privacy for retailers (see research methodology for details). This large volume of conversations over a period of just six We analyzed over 220,000 conversations on social media to gauge consumer sentiment on personalization and privacy for retailers. Customers perceive that a significant majority of retailers (86%) struggle in their attempts to strike a balance between personalization and privacy. months highlights the importance of this topic to consumers. We collected data relating to 65 of the largest global retailers, collectively generating revenues of over a trillion dollars. The results are worrying: customers perceive that a significant majority of retailers (86%) struggle in their attempts to strike a balance between personalization and privacy (see Figure 1).
  • 3. 3 Figure 1: How do Consumers Perceive Leading Retailers on Personalization and Privacy? Each bubble corresponds to a particular retailer Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media Scan, August 2015 +100 (Great) +100 (Great) Privacy Personalization -100 (Poor) The AspirantsThe Laggards The Favorites Each bubble corresponds to conversations for a particular retailer Size of the bubble indicates total number of consumer conversations about the retailer’s personalization and privacy initiatives Axes scale from -100 to 100, with 100 indicating the most excellent score on positive customer sentiment and -100 indicating ----the lowest score on negative customer sentiment The Favorites The Aspirants The Laggards Perform well on personalizing products and services as per customer needs Fall short of gaining customer trust on privacy owing to: perceived lack of care in handling data, intrusive loyalty programs, and lack of clarity on data policies Enjoy customers’ affection on both – personalization and privacy aspects Offer meaningful deals, customized products, respon- sive and caring customer service Privacy options offer customers control on personal data and assure them of data security Score poorly on both – personalization as well as privacy Are regularly criticized by customers for – irrelevant offers, spamming, perceived abuse of personal data and breaking customer trust on safety and security of sensitive data
  • 4. 4 Only 14% of Retailers Enjoy Positive Consumer Sentiment on their Personalization and Privacy Initiatives Retailers globally are increasing their investments in personalization initiatives. A recent survey found that as many as 50% of retailers were planning to increase their investments in personalization in 20155 . The response from consumers, however, is not encouraging. Only 14% of retailers – the Favorites – enjoy positive consumer sentiment on both personalization and privacy initiatives. Customers prize the Favorites’ personalized and responsive customer service, relevant deals on products customers need, custom- made products and services, and efforts to safeguard customer data privacy. Nearly 29% of retailers – the Laggards – left consumers dissatisfied with both their personalization and privacy initiatives. Negative customer sentiment is largely due to intrusive loyalty programs, excessive promotional mails, poor in-store service, or confusing opt- in/opt-out instructions on marketing communications. For 57% of retailers – the Aspirants – consumer sentiment is positive on personalization, but negative on privacy. It indicates that while they have launched personalization initiatives that offer value to consumers, retailers have either failed to address the privacy concerns that arise from it, or have completely ignored it. We anticipated that there would be significant differences between the sentimentexpressedaboutonlineretailers and traditional retailers. Surprisingly, however, consumer sentiment does not appear to differentiate. We also expected differences between large retailers and smaller companies. However, no significant differences emerged. Customer Privacy Lapses Can Undo Hard Work on Personalization Our research indicates that 80% of all consumer sentiment on personalization was positive (see Figure 2). However, a massive 93% of all consumer sentiment was negative when it came to retailers’ privacy initiatives, and this sentiment is broadly reflective across geographies. A large number of retailers appear to have a fairly good grip on personalization initiatives, but slip up when it came to managing consumer privacy. For instance, while 71% of retailers enjoy positive responses to personalization initiatives, 57% are unable to translate that into a positive sentiment on privacy. For retailers, the message is clear – strong personalization initiatives drive positive sentiment, but failing to safeguard the privacy of customer data can undermine efforts. Nearly 29% of retailers leave consumers dissatisfied with both their personalization and privacy initiatives. 80% of all consumer sentiment on personalization is positive. However, 93% of all consumer sentiment is negative when it comes to retailers’ privacy initiatives. The importance of privacy is shown in the fact that customer data breaches affect consumer propensity to buy. For instance, a recent survey found that 15% of respondents had stopped purchasing at retailers that had experienced privacy breaches6 . Another study reported that 36% of respondents will shop less frequently at a retailer that suffered a security breach and 26% would consciously spend less than before7 .
  • 5. 5 Figure 2: Global Consumer Sentiment on Personalization and Privacy Percentages indicate share of positive customer sentiment Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media Sentiment Analysis, August 2015 Strongly Positive Positive Neutral Negative Strongly Negative Global-80% Personalization North America 78% France 42% Spain 44% Germany 50% UK 81% Italy 100% Nordics 100% Australia 82% Privacy Global-7% North America 7% France 0% Spain 8% Germany 0% UK 9% Italy 0% Nordics 0% Australia 2%
  • 6. 6 When Personalization Goes Wrong - How to‘Get’Customers and Not‘Stalk’Them As data analytics becomes more powerful and sophisticated, organizations are able to build granular profiles of customers based on their online and offline activities. However, the algorithms that are used do not differentiate one data input from the other. Without human intervention, algorithms can make personalized offers seem highly inappropriate. For example, social networking site Pinterest recently sent an email to female users that began with the words: “You’re getting married!”. Unfortunately, many of the women were not in fact getting married at all – they had simply pinned wedding-themed pictures on their account. Similarly, an airline equipped its flight attendants with an app containing information on passengers. This included their flight reservations, loyalty status and their date of birth - information that had been provided for personal identification. When the flight attendants used that information to wish customers a happy birthday, many of them found this unwelcome and inappropriate. Source: Slate, “Pinterest Congratulates All the Single Ladies on Their Weddings”, September 2014; Gawker, “What Do You Know About United’s Allegedly Creepy New App for Flight Attendants?”, August 2015
  • 7. 7 A recent survey found that 70% of consumers could correctly identify retailers who had been breached. Why do Retailers Fare so Badly? We believe there are a number of reasons why many retailers are failing to make personalization a positive part of their overall customer experience (see Figure 3). Climate of Mistrust. The spate of hacks on retailer data, as well as breaches in other sectors, is having a dramatic effect on consumer trust. It is estimated that half of American adults had their personal information exposed to hackers in the last year alone8 . And consumers are very much aware of where the exposures are happening. A recent survey found that 70% of consumers could correctly identify retailers who had been breached9 . Figure 3: Why do Retailers Fare So Badly? Source: Capgemini Consulting analysis Lack of a Single View of the Customer Greater Customer Pushback Over Use of Personal Data Consumer Desire for Control Over Data A Climate of Mistrust Why do Retailers Fare So Badly? Consumers are Comfortable with Sharing Data but Demand Greater Control over It. Our Digital Shopper Relevancy Report from 2014 showed that consumers are willing to share data. However, many are not seeing retailers respond with clarity on how their data is being used. For instance, 28% of respondents feel that they are not being provided with choice and control of how their personal data is collected, used and shared by retailers (see Figure 4). Almost 50% of shoppers are not clear about the privacy policies of the retailers that they interact with. This reflects research that shows an overwhelming majority of adults considers that being in control of who can get information about them is important10 . This means that retailers need to give them reassurance and clarity about how data is collected and used. But that clarity is lacking. For instance, in a recent survey, it was found that a large majority of consumers incorrectly believe that when a website has a privacy policy, it means the site will not share their information with other websites and companies without permission11 . This leads customers to be cautious about what data they share with retailers and why (see insert on “What Data are Consumers Willing to Share?”).
  • 8. 8 28% of consumers feel that they are not being provided with choice and control of how their personal data is collected, used and shared by retailers. Greater Personalization Requires Greater Volumes of Data, Triggering Greater Consumer Pushback. Personalization requires more data, not less, but this poses an issue for consumers who are pushing back against retailer requests for more data. For instance, we found that while consumers were comfortable sharing email addresses, the same consumers withdrew when retailers wanted their home address or phone number or zip code in order to deliver targeted promotions. This hampers the retailers’ ability to deliver truly personalized products/services. Lack of a Single View of the Consumer Impacts the Customer Experience. Retailers have rapidly expanded their presence across multiple channels. However, many struggle to create a single view of the consumer, with data trapped in channel silos such as web, mobile, social, or call centers. Research shows that only 6% of marketers in retail and consumer products have captured a single view of the customer12 . This compromises the customer experience and the ability to mine data for tailored and accurate personalization. Figure 4: Consumer Perception of Data Usage and Privacy Policies of Retailers, Capgemini Survey, 2014 Source: Capgemini, “Digital Shopper Relevancy Report”, September 2014 28% 48% 34% 23% 38% 29% Currently I am provided with clear notice, choice and control of how my personal data is collected, used and shared by retailers I am clear about the privacy policies of the retailers I interact with Disagree Neutral or Don’t Know Agree
  • 9. 9 What do Consumers Really Expect from Retailers? Based on our research, we have identified what works and what does not as retailers attempt to balance personalization and privacy (see Figure 5). Figure 5: Key Drivers of Positive and Negative Sentiment Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media Sentiment Analysis, August 2015 What Works, What Doesn’t Personalized Offers Meaningful, Applicable in the Context e.g. Kroger’s discount coupons based on purchase history Personalized Products Useful, Valuable e.g. Walmart’s custom t-shirts, phone cases Personalized Services Thoughtful, Occasion-Based e.g. Ahold’s personalized grocery service based on weekly meal plans Loyalty Programs Useful, Relevant, Simple Personalized Communication Customized, Tailor-Made, Engaging Data Security Issues Data Thefts, Hackings, Retailers Not Doing Enough for Security Intrusive Behaviour Cold Calling, Robo-Calling, Unsolicited Messaging Data Changing Hands Data Sharing with Third Parties Tracking and Monitoring Face Recognition, CCTV Surveillance, RFID Tracking Loyalty Programs Too Much Data Collection 27% 19% 76% 51% 5% 2% 2% 6% 11% 17% Percentages indicate the “share” of each theme in the positive and negative consumer sentiment
  • 10. 10 Personalized Offers, Provided in a Contextual Setting, Work. There is merit in sticking to the basics. For example, in our research, consumers were impressed by the way Kroger personalizes discount coupons based on what consumers purchase most. Walmart also enjoyed widely-shared positive consumer sentiment about their broad range of personalized household products, such as blankets and quilts or shirts and iPhone cases. However, consumers are put off when retailers approach them with offers that are irrelevant. Customers of a European retailer expressed their dissatisfaction at the irrelevant offers received, particularly In our research, consumers were impressed by the way Kroger personalizes discount coupons based on what consumers purchase most. because they were regular shoppers at the retailer and expected it to know better about them. For an American retailer, we came across cases of female customers feeling annoyed at receiving baby planning offers when they were not pregnant. The Head of Loyalty Operations at a leading retailer told us: “Irrelevant offers, that do not take into account the customer’s demographic profile and shopping behavior, can cause great damage. A consumer may just opt-out of your communication, and that is a marketing opportunity lost.” CustomizedCommunicationsImpress, Personalized Experiences Delight. Our social media research shows that customers are impressed by tailored, responsive and visually appealing emails that are closely aligned to their interests. A senior marketing executive told us that they “saw a dramatic 80% increase in coupon open-rates when we send personalized mails.” Some companies are going a step further, and customizing their entire interaction with the consumer. American retailer Kohl’s is using “beacons” to deliver an enhanced and personalized in-store experience. The beacons identify the shopper’s mobile device when he or she is in store, and share personalized offers and suggestions based on their shopping history. They also aid navigation in- store, by directing shoppers to the right location for specific products. Our research shows that beacons are a big hit with consumers, with a 100 percent positive sentiment (see Figure 6). Figure 6: Consumer Sentiment around Key Retail Technologies Source: Capgemini Consulting Social Media scan, August 2015 100% 53% 19% 38% 16% 0% 47% 81% 62% 84% Beacons RFID Face Recognition CCTV In-store traffic monitoring Positive sentiment Negative sentiment Irrelevant offers, that do not take into account the customer’s demographic profile and shopping behavior, can cause great damage. – Head of Loyalty Operations at a leading retailer.
  • 11. 11 IntrusiveBehaviorisnotAppreciated, Tracking and Monitoring is a Strict No-No. Unsolicited communication does not go down well with consumers. Our research revealed concerns about a leading online retailer whose customers began receiving more telephone calls. When disgruntled customers checked the privacy policy of the retailer, they discovered that it had been recently updated to allow much more of these Our research shows there is a significant negative sentiment associated with RFID tracking, facial recognition and CCTV surveillance. types of call. Consumers are also wary of tracking and monitoring. Our research shows there is a significant negative sentiment associated with RFID tracking, facial recognition and CCTV surveillance. For example, a leading retailer planned to install RFID-scanning robots that would walk the shelves along with consumers. The core idea was to scan clothing tags for inventory, which would lead to better inventory management, but the company also planned to equip these robots to handle simple consumer queries13 . This initiative created some curiosity among consumers, but it also generated apprehension and concern. Data Security is of Paramount Importance, Hacking and Theft Alarm Customers. Our research clearly reveals that data security is the most important piece in the privacy puzzle and the leading driver of negative consumer sentiment, by far (see The Rising Threat Data security is the most important piece in the privacy puzzle and the leading driver of negative consumer sentiment, by far. The Rising Threat from Hackers As consumers continue to embrace ecommerce, and a greater proportion of retail is conducted online, the potential for privacy breaches increases significantly. For example, it is estimated that half of American adults had their personal information exposed to hackers in the last year alone. Top Retail Security Breaches Over the Past Decade The numbers indicate estimated number of records or credit cards believed to have been hacked Source: NY Times, Information Week, Forbes, TIME, and corporate press releases of Zappos.com, Target, Neiman Marcus, Michaels, eBay and Staples from Hackers). These incidents cause significant customer disquiet and consumers expect concrete initiatives from retailers to safeguard their data. For example, consumers in our research indicated that retailers should strengthen their authentication mechanisms to prevent hacks. Credit/Debit Card accounts compromised Customer accounts (personal information) compromised 94 million The TJX Companies (incl. TJ/ TK Maxx and Marshalls) Zappos.com 24+ million 70 million eBay 145 million Neiman Marcus Group Staples 1.16 million Home Depot 56 million 2.6 million at Michaels and 400,000 at Aaron Brothers AB Acquisitions LLC 700 Albertson’s stores and 228 SuperValu stores Multi-company Breach (7Eleven, JC Penney, JetBlue Airways, NASDAQ, Wet seal, Dow Jones) 160 million 2005-12 2003-05 2006-11 2012 2013 2014 350,000 Target
  • 12. 12 Our research reveals that for some retailers, consumers feel that loyalty programs exist mainly as a means of data collection. Loyalty Programs are Fine, but Not ThoseMeantJustforDataCollection. Many consumers are uncomfortable with excessive disclosure of personal data for loyalty programs. Our research reveals that for some retailers, consumers feel that loyalty programs exist mainly as a means of data collection. For example, some consumers took the loyalty program of a European retailer to task for violating their data privacy. The loyalty program in question was a multi- What Data are Consumers Willing to Share? The term “consumer data” encompasses a vast range of data elements, each with a varying degree of sensitivity. For example, a substantial 74% of consumers do not mind sharing details around their hobbies and interests, but they would not share financial information. Despite the increasingly common use of social media, many consumers are uncomfortable about it being used by retailers, with only 29% happy with such an approach. Most consumers (55% in our survey) are uncomfortable with the use of their in-store data as well, despite the fact that it is usually anonymized by retailers before use. Consumers might well perceive that this “anonymous data” may not remain anonymous, in an eco-system of players that are combining and manipulating their data in a dozen different ways. What data will consumers share? 29% 45% 55% 71% Agree Neutral/Disagree I do not mind when a retailer uses my social media data to gain a better understanding about who I am and what I am doing I do not mind if my behaviour in a store is observed, as long as it remains anonymous Sources: Capgemini Digital Shopper Relevancy Report, September 2014; Capgemini Consulting Social Media Scan, August 2015 participant scheme, and consumers were uncomfortable with the fact that their personal data would be shared with numerous parties. Consumers are particularly cautious about personally identifiable information (such as Social Security Numbers), financial data and health related information.
  • 13. 13 We believe that the 14% of leaders who solve the personalization-privacy conundrum demonstrate best practice in three areas: personalization initiatives that give customers control and a clear value; using technology to drive customer satisfaction rather than just as an enabler; and a clear governance framework and practices on personalization and privacy (see Figure 7). Personalization Initiatives with Tangible Value Where Customer is in Control Leaders Give Consumers Control Over their Data. Eighty-four percent of consumers want to have control over what marketers can learn about them online14 and leaders are transparent about the data they hold and what consumers can do with it. For example, Google offers a single centralized portal for users to manage and control their account settings, including, for instance, tailoring ads to personal preferences, ability to opt-in or opt-out of specific services and activity across various devices where the account was used. Google also offers a separate site to download user data (see Figure 8). How do Leaders Balance the Personalization– Privacy Paradox? 84% of consumers want to have control over what marketers can learn about them online. Figure 7: How Leaders Stand Out Source: Capgemini Consulting analysis Leaders demonstrate the value exchange that takes place when a consumer shares their personal data with the retailer. Personalization Initiatives with Tangible Value where Customer is in Control Technology is Used as a Means for Customer Satisfation, Not Just as Enabler A Foundation of Solid Management Practices Communicate Proactively and Be Transparent with Consumers on Privacy Policies Build Governance Mechanisms that Prioritize Customer Data Don’t Trust Algorithms Blindly Rate Limit Personalized Communication Use Technology Unobtrusively Give Consumers Control Over their Data Demonstrate an Active Value Exchange to Consumers
  • 14. 14 Leaders Demonstrate an Active Value Exchange to Consumers. Leaders demonstrate the value exchange that takes place when a consumer shares their personal data with the retailer. For example, users of wearable fitness trackers allow their personal moments to be tracked in exchange for a view of their fitness regime. And insurers Figure 8: Snapshot of a Google Takeout Page Source: Company website are convincing consumers to install telematics devices in their vehicles with the prospect of lower insurance premium. Technology is Used as a Means for Customer Satisfation, Not Just as Enabler Leaders Don’t Put Blind Trust in Algorithms. For example, research has shown that 55% of consumers are put off purchasing an item that they have previously expressed an interest in online, if they are retargeted with ads multiple times after initially researching it15 . The leaders in our study ensure that they rate limit themselves to how many times they push the same alert to the consumer. Leaders Rate Limit Personalized Communication. The number of channels that a retailer can use to reach customers is on the rise. This, combined with the tendency to constantly push alerts to the consumers, can lead to saturation and repetition. The leaders in our study ensure that they rate limit themselves to how many times they push the same alert to the consumer. One North American retailer has clear guidelinesonwhentheysendcustomized alerts to their consumers. They ensure that customers do not receive the same messages over the course of a 72-hour period. The company is also careful to limit the number of communications a customer can receive in a given period of time. Leaders Use Technology Unobtrusively. Oneofthefindingsfromoursocialmediascan was that customers appreciated a seamless bridging of online and offline channels. For example, Nordstrom uses beacons and mobile geolocation technologies to target consumers based on their preferences and behavior. With beacons, for instance, if customers have previously placed certain items in their online cart, they might receive a message about where the items are located when they are in-store. These beacons work in the background without intruding and only make their presence felt only when enhancing the customer experience. Nordstrom uses beacons and mobile geolocation technologies to target consumers based on their preferences and behavior.
  • 15. 15 Source: Fortune, “Apple’s ad-blocking move causes big problems for retailers like Walmart”, September 2015; eMarketer, “Mobile Accounts for Almost Half of China’s Retail Ecommerce Sales”, July 2015; PageFair, The 2015 Ad Blocking Report”, August 2015; Naked Security, “After iOS 9 launches, Ad blockers top the App Store chart”, September 2015 Ad-Blockers and Impact on Retailer Personalization Initiatives ‘Digital retail’ is increasingly ‘mobile retail’. In many markets globally, ecommerce is increasingly undertaken through mobile. In China, for instance, nearly 50% of all ecommerce transactions are conducted through the mobile channel. In the US, it is estimated at nearly 28% in 2015. Given the popularity of mobile, the rising popularity of ad-blocking software is a significant challenge for retailers. Within hours of the launch of Apple’s latest version of its iOS operating system (which allows content- blocking), ad-blocking apps shot to the top of the App Store paid app listings. If ad-blocking sees widespread adoption it has profound implications for retailers’ efforts. An Investigation by Fortune Magazine shows how ad-blockers can damage the customer experience on most major retailer websites. For instance, at retail major Sears, with ad-blockers enabled, the mobile web browsing experience grinds to a complete halt. While these are still early days, retailers need to understand the implications of ad-blocking software on their personalization initiatives. Impact of Ad-Blockers
  • 16. 16 Source:1 Capgemini Consulting Digital Leadership Series, “An Interview with Darrin Shamo”, 2014; 2 MobileCommerceDaily, “Zappos focuses on personalization, seamless transactions via app update”, July 2013; 3 Lopez Research, “Zappos Brings the Wow with Personalized Ads”, August 2014 Leaders Have a Foundation of Solid Management Practices Leaders Communicate Proactively and are Transparent with Consumers on Privacy Policies. A senior marketing executive at a large European retailer outlined how important it is to have a clear and consistent communication strategy, saying: “When we change something on how we deal with consumer data, we communicate it weeks in advance, and very prominently, through various media channels. And then it is over to the customer to take a decision, on whether to continue with the service or cancel it.” Leaders understand the importance of a thorough and well-defined privacy policy. Walmart, for example, takes the point of view of the customer on key aspects of data: what information is collected, how the information is used, how the information is shared, how the information is protected, and how the consumer can erase it from the company if they so desire. Periodic reviews and updates of the policy are performed, and the revision history is published along with the policy. Leaders Build Governance Mechanisms that Prioritize Customer Data. Successful companies pay attention to the people, process and technology aspects of handling data. As the Marketing Head at a large European retailer explains: “We store all of our consumer data in systems that are in-house. Further, we are extremely particular about the people who work with customer accounts or in customer care. They need to go through specific, consumer-oriented privacy training and are required to sign (legal non-disclosure) contracts about how they handle data.” We are extremely particular about the people who work with customer accounts or in customer care. – Marketing Head at a large European retailer. When we change something on how we deal with consumer data, we communicate it weeks in advance, and very prominently, through various media channels. – Senior Marketing Executive at a large European retailer. Zappos – Putting Personalization at the Heart of the Customer Journey American online retail firm Zappos has put its rich store of customer data to good use. To begin with, its website scans the user’s search history and factors in certain predictors of intent and relevance. This allows Zappos to offer customized suggestions based on its product catalogue. It also provides personalized retargeting by sharing relevant products throughout the open Web, and not just its website1 . At the same time, the company ensures that it does not get overly personal with its consumers. A Zappos executive told us: “There’s a lot of information available on consumers, though we’re very selective with what we use and how we use it. We take great care to ensure that the ultimate experience is relevant rather than creepy. We want our customers to feel that we understand them and their needs rather than feeling stalked1 .” The retailer has revamped its mobile app to incorporate features related to personalization. Recommended products are grouped into four different categories. The first set of recommendations displays products that have also been bought by customers who bought the product you yourself have just selected. The second and third groups of products are based on items that consumers might also like. The fourth section shows products that have been viewed in conjunction with the product you have selected. Zappos has also focused on creating and analyzing a single, unified view of the customer, which allows it to anticipate customers’ future requirements. For example, it has partnered with ChoiceStream, a Big Data firm that specializes in weather information analytics. They can now reach out to a customer with a personalized message telling them that it is due to snow the next day and offering them the opportunity to buy a brand of boots through express delivery3 .
  • 17. 17 What do Personalization and Privacy Initiatives Mean for Different Retailers and their Customers? Personalization Privacy Online-only Retailers Large, brick-and-mortar, mass-market and off-price retailers, hypermarkets Specialty retailers in – apparels, food and pharmaceuticals etc., upscale stores Product recommendations and savings based on purchase history Meaningful offers applicable in the context Responsive, engaging and personalized emails at a limited frequency Personalized navigation on the website Customized and in-store savings coupons for products the customer is most likely to buy Occasion-based deals Custom-made products such as marking products with customer names Offering services such as – high quality, tailor-made products suited to the needs of the individual customer Responsive and caring customer-service Non-intrusive, useful and simple loyalty programs Non-violation of data regulations, protection from data thefts and data sharing with third-parties Clear opt-in/opt-out policies Clearly explained, non-intrusive updates to privacy policies More control over data – ability to view data shared with the retailer and change preferences Effective information security at point-of-sale Protection from intrusive behavior such as – excessive use of CCTVs, Robo-calling and excessive communication Non-violation of data regulations, protection from data thefts and data sharing with third-parties More control over data Caution while discussing/disclosing sensitive information on public forums User-friendly and easy to understand privacy policies that use videos etc Non-violation of data regulations, protection from data thefts and data sharing with third-parties Source: Capgemini Consulting analysis
  • 18. 18 Consumer Engagement Principles The Consumer Goods Forumi together with Capgemini, has outlined a new set of ‘Consumer Engagement Principles’ (the “Principles”). The industry-wide Principles will act as a framework for how companies engage with their consumers, and are designed to promote an environment of trust and pro-active consumer communication. With consumers now leaving ever-larger digital footprints with a growing trail of personal data, the Principles will help ensure constant and consistent communications with consumers across digital platforms globally. Consumer Engagement Principles Source: The Consumer Goods Forum and Capgemini, “Consumer Goods Industry Commits to New Guidelines on Consumer Engagement and Data Privacy with the help of Capgemini”, February 2015 Ongoing Dialogue Simple Communications Value Exchange Transparency Integrity in Social Media Protection of Personal Information Control & Access i The Consumer Goods Forum (CGF) is a global, parity-based industry network, driven by its members. It brings together the CEOs and senior management of over 400 retailers, manufacturers, service providers and other stakeholders across 70 countries and reflects the diversity of the industry in geography, size, product category and format.
  • 19. 19 Trust will only be given to those retailers who provide a superior personalized experience across channels, but who at the same time demonstrate their respect for customer data. Identifying the Invisible Line Retailers face a paradoxical situation in personalization. Consumers like and want personalized offers and promotions. However, their thinking and feelings about the tactics used by retailers is mixed. Many of them do not want retailers to overstep the privacy mark. Others are wary about some of the smart technologies that are being used to gather the data needed to make personalization possible. How retailers approach this issue will vary based on what you sell, who you sell it to, and how you sell (see What do Personalization and Privacy Initiatives Mean for Different Retailers and their Customers?). For example, traditional retailers need to make the transition to a world awash with data. Likewise, digital natives need to ask if their familiarity with big data is a sustainable advantage. While different retailers will need to ask themselves different questions, all retailers must confront a significant shift that affects the whole sector. Consumers have always rewarded retailers with hard currency. However, we are entering an era where consumers will also be ‘paying’ with their attention and their data. It is imperative that retailers respect that by building a trust- based relationship with their consumers. Trust will only be given to those retailers who provide a superior personalized experience across channels, but who at the same time demonstrate their respect for customer data and are able to manage the significant privacy concerns that are emerging in today’s connected world. Research Methodology As well as focus interviews with leading executives and secondary research, we conducted a significant social media sentiment analysis. This involved a variety of tools to gauge consumer sentiment on personalization and privacy across Europe and North America. The scan covered 65 large retailers and analyzed over 220,000 conversations. We also analyzed this sentiment by geography and country to understand and explain the differences.
  • 20. 20 1 Walmart.com, “Picking up the Pace of Change for the Customer”, June 2014 2 60% of consumers want real-time promotions and offers - Direct Marketing, “Personalization Redux”, May 2015 3 New York Times Magazine, “How Companies Learn Your Secrets”, February 2012 4 onlyinfluencers.com, “The Creepy Side of Email and Big Data”, 2014 5 Source: Forrester, “The State Of Retailing Online 2015: Marketing And Merchandising”, August 2015 6 CNBC, “Think shoppers forget retail data breaches? Nope”, June 2015 7 Forbes, “How Companies Can Rebuild Trust After A Security Breach”, July 2014 8 New York Times, “How Many Times Has Your Personal Information Been Exposed to Hackers?”, July 2015 9 CNBC, “Think shoppers forget retail data breaches? Nope”, June 2015 10 Pew Research Center, “Americans’ Attitudes About Privacy, Security and Surveillance”, May 2015 – 93% respondents said that being in control of who can get information about them is important 11 University of Pennsylvania, “The Tradeoff Fallacy”, June 2015 – 65% do not know that the statement “When a website has a privacy policy, it means the site will not share my information with other websites and companies without my permission” is false. 12 Retail Wire, “Marketers are a long way from having a single view of customers”, May 2015 – 6% marketers said they have attained a single view of customers to support their cross-channel marketing goals 13 ComputerWorld, “Will Tesco shoppers freak out at six-foot tall RFID robots?”, June 2015 14 University of Pennsylvania, “The Tradeoff Fallacy”, June 2015 15 ExchangeWire, “It’s Official: Consumers Are Just Not That Into Retargeted Ads”, October 2014 References
  • 21. 21 The authors would like to thank Pavan Magge and Amol Khadikar from the DTI, Pramita Bhaumik and Pravin Iyer from Capgemini Consulting India social media analytics team, Mario Coletti, Gagandeep Gadri and Silvia Rindone from Capgemini Consulting UK, Dan Albright and Bill Lewis from Capgemini Consulting North America, Clare Argent from Capgemini Insights & Data, Olivier Trouvé, Eric Sindou, Eric Masson from Capgemini Consulting France, Max Brueggemann from Capgemini Consulting Germany, Elin Byren from Capgemini Consulting Sweden, Eloy De Sola Vidal from Capgemini Consulting Spain for their contributions. Rightshore® is a trademark belonging to Capgemini CapgeminiConsultingistheglobalstrategyandtransformation consulting organization of the Capgemini Group, specializing in advising and supporting enterprises in significant transformation,frominnovativestrategytoexecutionandwith an unstinting focus on results. With the new digital economy creating significant disruptions and opportunities, our global team of over 3,600 talented individuals work with leading companiesandgovernmentstomasterDigitalTransformation, drawing on our understanding of the digital economy and our leadership in business transformation and organizational change. Find out more at: www.capgemini-consulting.com With almost 145,000 people in over 40 countries, Capgemini is one of the world’s foremost providers of consulting, technology and outsourcing services. The Group reported 2014 global revenues of EUR 10.573 billion. Together with its clients, Capgemini creates and delivers business and technology solutions that fit their needs and drive the results they want. A deeply multicultural organization, Capgemini has developed its own way of working, the Collaborative Business ExperienceTM, and draws on Rightshore® , its worldwide delivery model. Learn more about us at www.capgemini.com. About Capgemini and the Collaborative Business Experience Capgemini Consulting is the strategy and transformation consulting brand of Capgemini Group. The information contained in this document is proprietary. © 2015 Capgemini. All rights reserved. France Olivier Trouvé olivier.trouve@capgemini.com DACH Ralph Becker ralph.becker@capgemini.com Ruurd Dam ruurd.dam@capgemini.com Mike Petevinos mike.petevinos@capgemini.com Maggie Buggie maggie.buggie@capgemini.com Kees Jacobs kees.jacobs@capgemini.com For more information contact Asia J. Bourdiniere j.bourdiniere@capgemini.com North America Dan Albright dan.albright@capgemini.com SweFi Håkan Erander hakan.erander@capgemini.com The Netherlands Arnoud Maas arnoud.maas@capgemini.com UK Alex Smith-Bingham alex.smith-bingham@capgemini.com Authors Jerome Buvat Head of Digital Transformation Institute jerome.buvat@capgemini.com DIGITALTRANSFORMATION INSTITUTE Digital Transformation Institute dti.in@capgemini.com Subrahmanyam KVJ Manager, Digital Transformation Institute subrahmanyam.kvj@capgemini.com Alex Smith-Bingham Vice President, Capgemini Consulting UK alex.smith-bingham@capgemini.com Kees Jacobs Vice President, Capgemini kees.jacobs@capgemini.com Rishi Raj Singh Senior Consultant, Digital Transformation Institute rishi.b.singh@capgemini.com Global Cliff Evans cliff.evans@capgemini.com Marc Raffo marc.raffo@capgemini.com