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Weekly Briefing Note #9
Weekly Briefing Note #9
Tuesday, 28 March 2017

Cape Town's water crisis and the Centre's involvement with desalination

On the 21st of February 2017 the City of Cape Town issued a plea to residents in the Western Cape to cut down on water consumption as dam levels had dropped to 34,5%, a further 1,7% down from the previous week. On the 8th of March the City of Cape Town released a statement confirming a maximum of 113 days’ worth of water left in the local dams.  It may seem that 113 days will bridge the gap between our dry and wet seasons but the real question is, what will we do if we have another dry winter?

In the event that the winter of 2017 is a dry one, the Western Cape will be heading towards extreme drought and water shortages. Water shortages such as these will have massive negative impacts on both the economy and social wellbeing of the province. So what are the options for a country which seems to becoming drier and drier? One of the potential solutions for a situation such as this is desalination. 

 
Fog water capure
Desalination is a process that extracts minerals from saline water, allowing saltwater (sea water) to be converted in potable drinking water adequate for human and agricultural consumption. Countries such as Saudi Arabia, The UAE, Kuwait, Syria and Eqypt have revolutionised their water production by using desalination method.  However, desalination is an energy intensive process which makes it expensive and also can increase greenhouse gas emmissions.  In order to implement desalination technology in South Africa, research must be carried on the feasibility of potential solutions to the water crises that will not also increase our carbon emmissions.  

In 2016, The Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies started investigating desalination and in 2017 has picked up its focus on the technology by carrying out research on renewable small-scale freshwater production and harvesting methods for the west coast of South Africa.  In addition to this, the Centre is also investigating the potential beneficial relationships between desalination and renewable energy as well as the environmental and social effects of implementing such systems.  Hopefully this research will support desalination as a viable, efficient and sustainable contributor to the South African water supply. 
Image sourced from Sisat PK
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