In the summer months, when the weather turns hot and humid, outdoor workers can be at risk for heat-related injuries and illnesses. Combining the body’s internal heat, generated by physical labor, with steamy weather conditions can lead to disaster. When the body is unable to regulate its temperature and is exposed to more heat than it can handle, a heat-related illness can occur.
In 2017, 87 people in the U.S. were reported dead from heat-related events, according to Injury Facts. While we can’t control the weather, heat-related illnesses can be prevented.
Know the Signs
When working outdoors in the heat, employees can experience heat cramps usually in their abdomen, arms or legs. If workers do not rest or stay hydrated, more serious conditions can occur.
Heat Exhaustion
Sweating can result in the body losing excessive water and salt, which creates the potential for heat exhaustion. Symptoms include:
- Pale, moist skin
- Fatigue, weakness or exhaustion
- Muscle cramps (especially for those outdoors)
- Rapid heart rate and nausea
Get the victim to a shaded or air-conditioned area, apply wet towels and give them water to drink.
Heatstroke
If heat exhaustion goes untreated, heatstroke can occur. Signs include:
- Body temperature above 103 degrees
- Rapid breathing
- Irrational or belligerent behavior
- Skin is flushed, dry and hot to the touch, sweating has usually stopped
- Convulsions and unresponsiveness
Seek medical help immediately if someone experiences one of the signs above. Call 911. Move the victim to a cool place, remove unnecessary clothing and cool the body. It is important also to monitor the victim’s breathing and be ready to give CPR, if needed. Do not give the person anything to drink.
Click here for more information regarding how to respond to heat-related emergencies.
What Can Employers Do?
Employers are key to preventing heat-related illness.
- When possible, schedule the most strenuous jobs for the cooler months
- Make an effort to schedule shifts during the morning or evening hours
- Provide frequent breaks
- For physically demanding jobs, develop a strategy and consider adding extra employees to distribute the workload
- Provide training on the risks and prevention of heat-related illnesses.
Tips for Outdoor Workers
If you have to work outside, wear loose, light-colored clothing, and take frequent rest and water breaks. Employees should avoid direct sun exposure, always wear sun screen and be aware of their physical conditions.
Other Resources
CDC Children in Hot Cars Training NIOSH
Summer is a time for relaxing, traveling and spending time with family. Be sure to maximize the good times and avoid emergencies. Don’t miss an opportunity to educate and make sure your friends and family are armed with safety tips.
