Custom Post Types - Choose Your Own Adventure - WordCamp Atlanta 2014

Transcript

1. Custom Post Types Choose Your Own Adventure WordCamp Atlanta 15

   March 2014 Evan Mullins @circlecube WordPress is for more than just blogging. Create and manage more types of content, like a portfolio, events, testimonials, images, people, cats anything you can think of you’d like to have a website about. Learn how to add content types like they were built in.

2. Who am I? I’ve been using WordPress since late 2005,

   that’s WP 2.0! First I knew WordPress as a blogger, then as designer, then front-end coder and since as a theme and plug-in developer. I’m the Interactive Director at Brand Fever, an Atlanta-based brand & marketing agency, where I get a kick out of developing sites in WordPress every day! I see WordPress as a flexible, user-friendly option that is nearly always the best tool for the job. I most enjoy playing with custom fields and custom post types to create simple CMS solutions to complex problems and making them responsive & interactive. When not programming, I’m likely busy as a soccer coach, boy scout leader or playing with my family: My awesome wife & our 3 boys (daughter on the way) and our lab-hound mutt. I like pizza and chocolate. Evan Mullins circlecube.com

3. Post Types

4. Introducing: Post Types WordPress can hold and display many different

   types of content. A single item of such a content is generally called a post, although post is also a specific post type. Internally, all the post types are stored in the same place, in the wp_posts database table, but are differentiated by a column called post_type. WordPress 3.0 gives you the capability to add your own custom post types and to use them in different ways.

5. Posts Posts in WordPress refer to the blog content. Each

   blog post is a “post”. But all other content is also a post. I try to distinguish by always calling blog posts, “blog posts” or “Posts” and using the term “post” as a more abstract term.

6. Pages WordPress pages are not time based like blog posts

   but would be best located in your main navigation. Things like your “about” page or your “contact” page. Pages are posts of post_type page. Pages can select templates to be used so you can customize the layout and you can customize the content using custom fields.

7. Etc Attachment (Post Type: 'attachment') Revision (Post Type: 'revision') Navigation

   menu (Post Type: 'nav_menu_item')

8. WordPress NIB - Default post types

9. Introducing: Custom Post Types Custom post types are new post

   types you can create. A custom post type can be added to WordPress via the register_post_type() function. This function allows you to define a new post type by its labels, supported features, availability and other specifics. http://codex.wordpress.org/Post_Types#Custom_Post_Types

10. What are they used for? Products Portfolio Works Events Testimonials

    Press Releases Movies Books Stars Golf Courses Cars Songs Recipes Blocks People Cats Games etc...

11. http://locallylost.com/pop/about-2/

12. http://www.brandfeverinc.com/portfolio/

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14. CPT Custom post types for different types of data or

    content that you’d manage in a website. (Queue Devil’s Advocate) But, we have that already right? Categories, tags, post formats … Posts, pages ...

15. When to use? Formats vs Taxonomies vs CPT

16. Taxonomies Taxonomy is a way to group things together. Built

    in taxonomies are categories and tags. But we can create custom taxonomies as well! http://codex.wordpress.org/Taxonomies

17. Taxonomy ≠ CPT If you just want to organize or

    categorize your content, a CPT is not the answer. Use a taxonomy.

18. Post Formats A Post Format is a formatting designation made

    to a post. A piece of meta information that can be used by a theme to customize the presentation (or format) of a post. The Post Formats feature provides a standardized list of formats that are available to all themes that support the feature. http://codex.wordpress.org/Post_Formats http://markjaquith.wordpress.com/2010/11/12/post-formats-vs-custom-post-types/

19. Post Formats ≠ CPT If your aim is to just

    display blog content but display each ‘type’ of blog post differently, you might rather use Post Formats.

20. When to use? Posts vs Pages vs CPT

21. (Blog) Posts Post in WordPress is a post type that

    is typical for and most used by blogs. Posts are normally displayed in a blog in reverse chronological order. Posts are also used for creating the feeds. Posts usually have comments enabled and contain a title and body text. They can be organized via taxonomy and formatted via Post Formats.

22. Posts ≠ posts (CPT) Blog posts belong to the blog

    section of your site. If you need any other type of content. You have to create it via CPT.

23. Pages ≠ CPT I hope this one is obvious. Pages

    in WordPress are posts, but not part of the blog posts or Posts. Pages can use different page templates to display them. Pages can also be organized in a hierarchical structure, with pages being parents to other pages, but they normally cannot be assigned categories and tags.

24. Choose Your Own CPT come with many options/arguments: label(s), description,

    public, exclude_from_search, publicly_queryable, show_ui, show_in_nav_menu, show_in_menu, show_in_admin_bar, menu_position, capability_type, capabilities, map_meta_cap, hierarchical, supports, register_meta_box_cb, taxonomies, has_archive, permalink_epmask, rewrite, query_var, can_export.

25. How to

26. How to create a CPT : 1 of 3 Code

    it yourself: add_action( 'init', 'create_post_type' ); function create_post_type() { register_post_type( 'acme_product', array( 'labels' => array( 'name' => __( 'Products' ), 'singular_name' => __( 'Product' ) ), 'public' => true, 'has_archive' => true, ... ) ); }

27. Program it where? (queue debate: theme vs plugin)

28. Hooks Hooks are provided by WordPress to allow you to

    'hook into' the rest of WordPress. That is, your functions hook into WordPress functions. Then when the WordPress functions are called at any time, it sets your code in motion.

29. Hooks actions Actions are the hooks that the WordPress core

    launches at specific points during execution, or when specific events occur. Your plugin can specify that one or more of its PHP functions are executed at these points, using the Action API. filters Filters are the hooks that WordPress launches to modify text of various types before adding it to the database or sending it to the browser screen. Your plugin can specify that one or more of its PHP functions is executed to modify specific types of text at these times, using the Filter API.

30. How to Create CPT: 2 of 3 Use a tool

    to write the code for you.

31. GenerateWP.com http://generatewp.com/post-type/

32. Themergency.com http://themergency.com/generators/wordpress-custom-post-types/

33. How to Create CPT: 3 of 3 Use a plugin

    to manage your custom post types. Any favorites out there?

34. Custom Post Type UI http://wordpress.org/plugins/custom-post-type-ui/

35. Types http://wordpress.org/plugins/types/

36. PIKLIST http://wordpress.org/plugins/piklist/

37. WP Easy Post Types http://wordpress.org/plugins/easy-post-types/

38. MasterPress http://masterpressplugin.com/

39. Now What? You’ve decided what post types you want. You’ve

    decided how to add them. Add your recipe post type. Add all your favorite recipes as content. Most likely though, your custom post type needs custom content, no? A recipe has different data than the default title + body.

40. And Then? How to customize content for the custom post

    type? How to display customized content for the custom post type?

41. Custom Fields Again 3 ways: 1. Write your own. 2.

    Use a tool to help you write it. 3. Use a plugin.

42. Custom Fields: 1 of 3 Roll your own. Use the

    built-in custom fields to add these values to your content.

43. Custom Fields: 1 of 3

44. Custom Fields: 1 of 3 <?php the_meta(); ?> <?php $key="mykey";

    echo get_post_meta($post->ID, $key, true); ?> Then, set up your template files for this custom post type to display the fields.

45. Theme Template Hierarchy Which template file(s) will WordPress use when

    it displays a certain type of page? The huge logic tree (diagram) that helps WordPress decide which template to show for every type of content. It shows the defaults and fallbacks, notice how everything defaults back to index as a fallback if that specific type of content does not have a template.

46. https://codex.wordpress.org/Template_Hierarchy

47. Template Files for CPTs single-$posttype.php single-recipe.php will be used instead

    of the default single.php file for this CPT. archive-$posttype.php archive-recipe.php will be used instead of the default archive.php file for this CPT.

48. Custom Fields: 2 of 3 Use a tool/library/generator to support/write

    your code. Custom Metaboxes and Fields for WordPress by WebDevStudios on github any other shout outs?

49. https://github.com/webdevstudios/Custom-Metaboxes-and-Fields-for-WordPress

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51. Custom Fields: 3 of 3 Use a plugin. I recommend

    my all-time favorite plugin EVER: Advanced Custom Fields by mate Elliot Condon any other shout outs?

52. http://www.advancedcustomfields.com/ http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/advanced-custom-fields/

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56. <?php the_field(‘field_name’); ?> <?php get_field(‘field_name’); ?>

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58. Additional Reading: http://codex.wordpress. org/Post_Types#Custom_Post_Types http://justintadlock.com/archives/2010/04/29/custom-post- types-in-wordpress http://wp.smashingmagazine.com/2012/11/08/complete- guide-custom-post-types/

59. Thank You! Any Questions? Slides @ http://circlecube.com/wordpress/ Evan Mullins circlecube.com