Untitled

In my home country I’ve been associated with the names like “Admiral”, “General”, “Viceroy”, “Alexander the Great” and “Scipio”. I was introduced to the people of Europe during the best days of the Ottoman Empire and over a period of time I was synonymous with Royalty and Pride. During every Economic Downturn or the time of Recession, I would be cited by the Economists. The reason for this citation is best illustrated in the book named “Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds”. Who am I and what is the reason for the citation during the economic downturns?